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HMS ''Bulwark'' is the second ship of the Royal Navy's ''Albion''-class assault ships. She is one of the United Kingdom's two newest amphibious transport docks designed to put Royal Marines ashore by air and by sea. Although launched in 2001, delays caused the delivery date to be put back, and the ship entered service in December 2004. Together with ''Albion'', ''Ocean'', and other amphibious ships, she provides a larger and more effective amphibious capability than the previous ''Fearless''-class vessels. Between October 2011 and June 2015 she was the fleet flagship of the Royal Navy.〔( "HMS Bulwark becomes Royal Navy's new flagship" ) BBC News (19 October 2011)〕〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.royalnavy.mod.uk/news-and-latest-activity/news/2015/may/27/150527-hms-ocean-to-assume-fleet-flagship-role )〕 The ship is designed to send large numbers of troops and vehicles to shore as quickly as possible. ''Bulwark'' supports a permanently embarked Royal Marines landing craft unit, 4 Assault Squadron Royal Marines. The rear of ''Bulwark'' opens and floods a compartment, allowing the boats inside to be launched. The 64 metre flight deck is able to take two Sea King HC4 or Merlin medium-lift helicopters and stow a third. The deck can also support two Chinook heavy-lift helicopters, one down the side of the flight deck and one at the rear of the flight deck. Although the Albion design does not have a hangar, the ship has sufficient equipment to support helicopter operations. ''Bulwark'' was launched at the BAE Systems shipyard at Barrow-in-Furness, Cumbria, on 15 November 2001. She is, to date, the most recent surface vessel to have been constructed at Barrow with the yard currently specialising in submarine construction. ==Operational history== ''Bulwark'' departed the UK in January 2006 for a six-month East of Suez maiden deployment. She conducted counter-terrorist and counter-piracy tasks in waters off the Horn of Africa. ''Bulwark'' then headed for the northern Persian Gulf to become the flagship of Task Force 158, providing security for Iraqi oil platforms. At the start of the summer of 2006 ''Bulwark'' was near Spain. Due to the 2006 Israel–Lebanon crisis, on 15 July 2006 she was ordered to divert to Lebanon and to support operations evacuating British citizens from the conflict area. On 20 July, she evacuated approximately 1,300 people from Beirut in the biggest British evacuation. On completion of her extended deployment the ship returned to the United Kingdom. At the start of June 2007 ''Bulwark'' was berthed at Sunderland on the River Wear. In October 2008, ''Bulwark'' was at the Tail of the Bank in the Firth of Clyde together with ''Ark Royal'' and the French ship ''Tonnerre'', taking part in Exercise Joint Warrior 2008. On 18 February 2009, ''Bulwark'' sailed from Devonport as flagship to Commander UK Amphibious Task Group, Commodore Peter Hudson, on the Taurus 09 deployment. She was joined by Landing Platform Helicopter (LPH) ''Ocean'', Type 23 frigates ''Argyll'' and ''Somerset'' and four ships of the Royal Fleet Auxiliary.〔() 〕 In Spring 2010, she entered a six-month refit at HMNB Devonport No. 8 dock. In March 2011, she rejoined the fleet and then took over as fleet flagship from her sister ship Albion in October 2011. She made a five-day visit to London on 16 March 2011. ''Bulwark'' undertook Operational Sea Training at the end of June 2011 in preparation to take up the role of fleet flagship of the Royal Navy.〔(). 〕 ''Bulwark'' is on standby as leading ship of the UK's recently formed Response Force Task Group. In October she participated in Exercise Joint Warrior in Loch Eriboll, the largest war games staged in the UK, involving the French Marines and other NATO forces. On 15 February 2012, ''Bulwark'' made an unscheduled stop in Kiel, Germany, after ice on the Elbe river prevented her from entering the city of Hamburg as originally planned. The vessel entered the Baltic Sea to prepare for Exercise 'Cold Response', a NATO winter war games exercise due to take place in northern Norway in March 2012.〔(‘Ice refugee’ HMS Bulwark pays unexpected visit to the home of the German Navy ). navynews.co.uk. 15 February 2012〕〔(Sailors and marines prepare to coldly go for Arctic war games ). navynews.co.uk. 16 February 2012〕 At the end of February 2012, ''Bulwark'' visited the Polish port of Gdynia, carrying out exercises with two Polish frigates, ORP ''Generał Kazimierz Pułaski'' and ORP ''Generał Tadeusz Kościuszko''. She also hosted onboard over 4000 people from the city.〔 She also took part in Exercise 'Joint Warrior' with several other British and foreign vessels including HMS ''Illustrious'' off the coast of Scotland.〔Images, Defence. (2012-05-02) (HMS Bulwark | Flickr – Photo Sharing! ). Flickr. Retrieved on 2012-05-26.〕 She will be part of the COUGAR 13 task group, with the Commander UK Task Group and his staff embarked on board.〔https://www.gov.uk/government/news/royal-navy-set-for-cougar-13〕 She was visited by the Commander of Naval Striking and Support Forces at NATO.〔http://www.royalnavy.mod.uk/News-and-Events/Latest-News/2013/August/28/130828-NATO-HMS-Bulwark#.Uh3U_tI8rXY.twitter〕 ''Bulwark'' is due to be withdrawn from her current role and enter extended readiness in 2016 when she will switch roles with her sister ship ''Albion'' At the end of May 2014, ''Bulwark'' visited Greenwich in London. The public were able to visit the ship for tours conducted by the crew. In 2014 Bulwark was deployed for the COUGAR 14 Response Force Task Group annual exercise and the International Mine Counter Measures Exercise (IMCMEX).〔http://www.royalnavy.mod.uk/news-and-latest-activity/news/2014/september/01/140902-cougar14〕〔http://www.royalnavy.mod.uk/news-and-latest-activity/news/2014/november/07/141107-middle-east-exercise-2〕 Between April and July 2015 Bulwark was allocated to Operation Weald, the upgraded search and rescue operation off the Italian coast for migrants crossing from Libya. She was assisted by three Merlin HM.2 helicopters from 814 Naval Air Squadron.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=HMS Bulwark home from Mediterranean search and rescue mission )〕 Bulwark rescued over 2900 migrants from the sea during the operation. Bulwark will assist in security for the 2015 Commonwealth Heads of State Government meeting 〔http://www.timesofmalta.com/articles/view/20151122/local/hms-bulwark-back-in-port.593123〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「HMS Bulwark (L15)」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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